As the U.S. shifts toward a net-zero emissions future, nuclear power is becoming a cornerstone in the clean energy sector, especially for high-demand industries like artificial intelligence (AI) and data centers. The U.S. Department of Energy’s updated Pathways to Commercial Liftoff: Advanced Nuclear report projects that America’s nuclear capacity could triple by 2050, driven by rising electricity demands and the need for reduced carbon footprints.

The report highlights the crucial role AI-driven infrastructures and data centers play in this transition. These sectors, which require vast and reliable power, are increasingly choosing nuclear energy for its continuous 24/7 supply.

Unlike intermittent sources like wind and solar, nuclear power consistently meets energy needs, making it a preferred option for supporting these energy-heavy operations.

The DOE’s vision aims to expand nuclear capacity from 100 gigawatts today to 300 gigawatts by 2050, fueled by collaborations between private companies and public initiatives. The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) offers incentives to make this transition smoother. Advanced nuclear technologies like small modular reactors (SMRs) and microreactors are set to play a pivotal role, offering scalable and efficient energy solutions for specialized sectors.

While initial reactor costs are high, the DOE expects cost reductions as standardized designs and repeated deployments roll out. The report stresses the need for swift action, warning that delays in nuclear deployment could raise costs and complicate the path to meeting global energy demand.

Nuclear power is emerging as essential in reaching decarbonization goals while meeting the fast-growing energy needs of AI and data centers, which will drive massive consumption in the coming decades. The energy transition is accelerating, and time is of the essence.